The brain is an important organ that controls thought, memory, emotion, touch, motor skills, vision, respiration, and every process that regulates your body.
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Disorders of the nervous system include stroke, infections, such as meningitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and functional disorders, such as headache and epilepsy.
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Alzheimer disease is a disease that affects the brain and nervous system. It is a type of dementia that happens when nerve cells in the brain die.
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In older people, it's easy to mistake memory problems for the everyday forgetfulness that some people experience as they grow older.
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Parkinson disease is a motor system disorder that causes trembling, stiffness and trouble moving.
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The ear consists of three areas—the outer, middle, and inner ear. The nose is the organ of smell and is part of the peripheral nervous system. The throat is a ring-like muscular tube that acts as the passageway for air, food, and liquid.
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Otolaryngology is the medical specialty that focuses on medical and surgical treatment for patients who have disorders of the ear, nose, throat, and related structures.
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The structures of the eye include the cornea, iris, pupil, macula, retina, and the optic nerve.
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An ophthalmologist is either a medical doctor (M.D.) or an osteopathic physician (D.O.). An optometrist is a doctor of optometry (O.D.) but is not a medical doctor. An optician is a technician who fits eyeglasses.
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Coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle. There are two main coronary arteries: the right and the left.
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A person with coronary heart disease has an accumulation of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries. These deposits narrow the arteries and can decrease or block the flow of blood to the heart.
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Tests that may be used to help diagnose a stroke include a CT scan or MRI, and an electroencephalogram.
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Stroke rehabilitation works best when the patient, family, and rehabilitation staff works together as a team. Family members must learn about impairments and disabilities caused by the stroke and how to help the patient achieve optimal function again.
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Diabetes affects the way the body metabolizes, or uses, digested food to make glucose, the main source of fuel for the body.
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When your body can’t make enough insulin or can’t use insulin, it is called type 2 diabetes. Insulin helps the cells in the body absorb glucose, or sugar, for energy. Without insulin, glucose builds up in the blood resulting in high blood sugar.
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Metabolic syndrome is marked by higher levels of glucose in the blood. That's also a sign of prediabetes.
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Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness in American adults. It’s caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina, the light sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the inner eye. In some people, retinal blood vessels may swell and leak fluid. In others, abnormal new blood vessels grow on the surface of the retina. These changes may result in vision loss or blindness.
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Heart disease, high blood pressure, and kidney disease are some of the complications of diabetes.
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It is important to remember that a lump or other changes in the breast, or an abnormal area on a mammogram, may be caused by cancer or by other, less serious problems.
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Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women in the U.S. Once breast cancer occurs, cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body, making it life-threatening. The good news is that breast cancer is often found early, before it has spread.
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The good news is that breast cancer can be treated successfully. Treatments include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or any combination of these. Here's a closer look at each.
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These questions can help you work with your healthcare provider and make good decisions about your cancer care.
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Arthritis, itself a group of more than 100 different diseases, is one category of rheumatic diseases.
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Diagnosing arthritis and other rheumatic diseases is often difficult, as many symptoms are similar among the different diseases.
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Osteoporosis is a disease that causes weak, thinning bones. This leaves the bones at greater risk of breaking. The bones most often affected are the hips, spine, and wrists.
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Many people are unaware they have osteoporosis until they have advanced symptoms, which may include a broken hip or wrist, low back pain or a hunched back.
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A hip fracture is a break in the thigh bone (femur) of your hip joint. The majority happen to people older than 60 years of age, and women get more hip fractures than men.
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To help the orthopedist determine your treatment, you'll need a physical exam, a medical history profile, and a description of symptoms.
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The prostate gland is about the size of a walnut and surrounds the neck of a man’s bladder and urethra—the tube that carries urine from the bladder.
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There is no sure way to prevent prostate cancer. Some risk factors for prostate cancer are not within your control. But you can do some things that may help lower your risk of getting prostate cancer.
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Being told you have prostate cancer can be scary, and you may have many questions. But you have people on your healthcare team to help.
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Detailed information on the different types of polycystic kidney disease, including autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, and acquired cystic kidney disease
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Interstitial cystitis (IC) is an inflamed or irritated bladder wall. It can lead to scarring and stiffening of the bladder. The bladder can’t hold as much urine as it did in the past. It is a chronic disorder.
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Gout is a condition that causes inflamed, painful joints. The symptoms are caused by deposits of urate crystals at the joints.
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Most people who have colorectal cancer are older than 50. Find out who is most likely to get cancer and why.
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